1857 MEITEI GAL NAN’NA

3rd May 2022 | Kanam Vaiphei

1857 MEITEI GAL NAN’NA

A vang kimin Kam Hau mite in Meitei gam-a khua neuneute va sim leng uh hi. December 14, 1855 ni-in Manipur gam a sim to uh hi. Hih bang thute hangin Manipur Leng Mangpa Chandrakirti heh pha mahmahin a ha bang gawi gamhgamh thapai hi. 1856 kumin zong Sukte te’n Manipur singtang khuate sim kikin zo gawp ahih manin Chandrakirti om khong thei nawn lo hi.

Sukte gal thuak zo nawn loin 1857 January kha sungin Tedim khua sim dingin Meiteite mi 1500 takpi a kuansuk uh hi. Hong kuan lam-un, Innpipa Kam Hau saihate a tang ding leh Kam Hau’ zi Ciin Ngul (Phuaizang Guite) a luppih masa ding kituh-in a buai ngeingai uh hi. Hih bang thu a zak phetin Ciin Ngul khasia mahmahin hih la a phuak pah hi:

a. Zang vuisai leh ka sak duang,
do ta’n sa bang hawm khawm e
b. Na awi nam aw ziin aw e,
gual aw e, a lawm nam aw?

Hih thu a zak tak ciangun lung kikhatin Zomite Tedim khua leh khua kiim khua pam, Sukte gam, Kam Hau gam leh Sihzang gam panin hong kikaikhawmin gal nang dinginTedim khuamual lamah a kuan ngeingai uh hi. Khoi Lam in zong mi 4 gal nang dingin khuamual ciang dong a va kha hi. Khoi Lam in, “Kei pen kei guak ka hih ciangin kei si le’ng ka nu dah lua ding ahih tak teh na ciah ningin inn lam vai na hawm ning,” a ci hi.

Khoi Lam in a gen mah bangin khuasung vai na hawm takpi a, ciimtaang tung to a, taksing phung khempeuh na meet sakin a nitak ciangin a halsak hi. Tua meikuang Meiteite in a muh uh tak ciangin, “ Hih lai-ah gal nang hi zah banah, inn lamah zong hua zah om lai ci le’ng zo zo kei ni,” ci-in a lungkia dimdem uh hi. Thakhat thu-in Kam Hau mite’n amau panmun ciat panin Meiteite tawlnga loin a kap uh leh Meiteite lau-in a taizak uh hi. Tampi tak si-in a dangte lehtai uh a,a galvan uh leh a nek a tak teng uh zong ek nusiatin a nusia uh hi. Sukte te’n zong deel zenin a nungdelh uh hi.

Meitei gun a tun ciangun lei kidawh pen na kisat tan ahih manin a cimawh ta uh hi. Paunak khat in cimawh tuikia a nui a cih bangin Meiteite in mitphial dawi nei uh ahih lam hilhin na thaulawngte uh tui tawh kidim hi a thau uh ging thei lo ding hi, ci-in a khem uh hi. Sukte mite in zong umin kipiakkhiat a sawm ta uh hi. Ahi zongin amau lakah Khuangnung mi Nawh Neng Phiamphu a kici mi khat kipiakkhiat ding a ut kei bilbel hi.

Nawh Neng pen ngim se lo a thau a kap leh zong a kha lianlian khat hi a, Meiteite khat lui sung a laizang tak-a suang tunga tu khat a kap leh a si hi. Sukte galkap khempeuh awng ngeingai, “Kalaisai!Kalaisai!,” ci-in a thau uh a kap ciat uh hi. Galte tai-in pawl khat manin pawl khat a taimang man uh hi. A thaute uh Tuihazang tuili sungah khia uh a, amau zong tampi tak gun-ah kia-in a si uh hi. Mi 1,000 khawng bek suakta-in inn a tung uh hi.

Tedim gal kuante’n thau lawng 287 takpi lui sung panin a tawm uh hi. Tua hun-a kipanin Zo thau a nei hong kibehlap pah hi. Meiteite puaksuk beete Meitei be kici a, a lopate pen Meitei lo kici hi. Meiteite in singtangmite ‘Hau’ hong cih uh ciangin Kam Hau mite hong cihna uh na hi gige hi. (Makenzie’s N.E.F of Bengal p.164) genna panin Manipur Political Agent A Mc Cullock in bel, ‘Meiteite guallehna pen a meidawi man taktak uh hi’, ci hi.

Leng Mangpa nangawn nusia-in taisan uh a, ni tam lo khit ciangin a cing mi 20 tawh inn tung hi. Sukte mite khat in hih bangin la phuak hi:
a) Khang a vaimang khanglim lian,
buneem kaikuang me,
Ka singkawi ah hing bang aw;

b) Phaizang buneem ngakha me
Guasing kawi aw hing bang aw, buneem ne.

Hih banga gualzawhna a ngah tak uh ciangin Tedim Innpi ah Gualzawhna Pawi a kham uh hi. Ganhing bawngtal bekbek 150, bawng 100 keel 70 le vok tampi banah hausate in zong Ukpipa lungdampihna in vok khat tek a go uh hi. 1 ta go-in galkapte leh Hausa Upate banah mipite in nuam takin lawmin zu leh sa tawh ne-in tua zan ngawngaw a zanhak liang uh hi. Naw Neng Phiamphu hang a gualzo ahih manun Ukpipa in pahtawina-in thau hoih mahmah khat pia-in siah zong a nuntak sung khempeuh a maapsak hi. Innpipa leh Innpinu Ciin Ngul in hih bangin galkapte pahtawina-in la khat a phuak hi:

a) Vangkhua suan ding mualcin sangah
Zangta min luang hong baang e

b) Sumlu maipak taangzik banga ka lak,
Zanglei-a taa tangin sambang met ing e

a) Tung Pasian in a awi lo e
Vangkhua ngalliam khuaibang a hang te’n
Do sumlu mualah suah e

1859 kumin Sukte mite in Haukip khua khat Sugnu gei na sim kik uh a, mi 15 thatin galmat tampi a la uh hi. Tua banga Sukte gal in Meitete gam a nawk gawp ciangin Meitei gam ukpa in cihna ding thei loin galnan’na dingin gamgi ah dai a kai hi. Tua zawh tawl khat sung Sukte leh Meiteite kikalah gal hong veng deuh hi. Amau zong kilawmtatna hong nei thei zaw deuh uh hi. 1871 kum dong tua bangin Meitei leh Sukte kikalah kitheihsiamtuahna om napi-in gamgi zul a teng Guite leh Thado kikalah bel kisim tuahna na khawl tuan lo hi. A hun zui a thupiangte in Meitei-Sukte kilemna liamsak thei ahih manin amau kikalah kimuanmawhna zong bei tuan lo hi.

SUKTE- MEITEITE KIDONA (1871–1874)

Sukte Ukpi Khan Thuam leh Kam Haute hun-a kipan Mikang kumpi in Khamtung gam a lak dong Tedim gam sung teng Sukte-Kam Hau ukna nuai-ah om hi. Sukte galhatna gam kiim gam paamte in na thuaklah mahmah uh ahihna Mikang gam uk palai McCulloch in 1861 kumin hih bangin gelh hi: “Meiteite in Tuisa lui khanglam na uk kha ngei lo uh a, tua gal a teng Sukte galhat mahmah uh hi,” na ci hi. Alexander Mackenzie mahmah in Sukte galhatna hangin Meitei gam khanglam khempeuhah kuamah teng ngam lo ahihna leh, Meiteite in Luseite sangin Sukte kihta zaw a, tua mah bangin Luseite in zong Sukte na lau mahmah uh ahihna na ciamteh hi. Hih zahtak-a Tedim Zo mite mi dangte in zahtakin a kihtak theihna hang khat pen amau mahmah galdo siam ahih banah Kawlgam panin thau hoihpipi na ngah thei uh ahih man hi.

Meitei leh Sukte pen taang a kipan gal leh sa-in na kinei den uh hi. Kam Hau hun lai-in Meitei Gungal a Hualngo gam kituhin Kam Hau leh Lusei hausa Vannuailiana-te a kido thei zel uh hi. Tua hun lai mahin Meitei gam zong Sukte-Kam Hau mite’n na sim kawikawi uh hi. 1850 kumin Sukte mite’n Lawnpi khua sim uh a, Meitei gam sungah lutin galmat samat tampipi na la thei zel uh hi. Sukte- Kam Hau gal nang zo mahmah lo ahih manun Luseite in Saizang leh Mualbem na sim ngei uh a, ahi zongin amau lamet bangin lawhcing loin kileh zel uh hi. Tua bang kisimna-ah Sukte mite’n Luseite galmat na nei zel uh hi.

1859 kumin Sukte mite’n Haokip khua khat Sugnu gei na sim kik uh a, mi 15 thatin, galmat tampi na la uh hi. Tua banga Sukte gal in Meitei gam a nawk gawp ciangin Meitei gam ukpa in zong cihna ding thei loin galnan’na dingin gamgi ah dai kai hi. Tua zawh tawl khat sung Sukte leh Meitei kikalah gal hong veng deuh hi. Amau zong kilawmtatna hong nei thei zaw deuh uh hi. 1871 dong tua bangin Meitei leh Sukte kikalah kitheihsiamna om napi’n gamgi zul-a teng Guite leh Thado kikalah bel kisimna na khawl tuan lo hi. A hun zui-a thupiangte in Meitei-Sukte kilemna liamsak thei ahih manin amau kikalah kimuanmawhna zong bei tuan lo hi.

1868 in Kam Hau a sih ciangin a tapa neupen Khaw Cin Zam in Tedim ah ukpi sem hi. 1871 in Mikang kumpi in Lusei gam sim ding a geel ciangin a huh dingin Tedim Zo mite na zawn hi. Tua hun lai-in Sukte leh Luseite zong na kilem het lo uh ahih manin Tedim ukpi Khaw Cin Zam in Meiteite huh nuam napi’n Luseite’n amau lam a lehdo ding zong kiginhuaisa-in Meitei leh Mikang kumpi i deihna bangin huh thei lo hi.

Khaw Cin Zam in galkap tawh huhna a piak theih loh ciangin Mikang kumpi’n zong Lusei gam sim ding Cachar pan galkap sawl hi. Lusei leh Sukte kilawm matin hong pangkhawm kha leh cih lauhna tawh Sukte leh Meitei gamgi lam a cing dingin Meitei galkapte zong Major Thangal’ makaihna tawh Cikha ah sawl hi. Meitei galkapte’n Sialbu lamah ong nawk lai takun Sukte mite’n Champhai na sim uh a, Champhai hausa Lalbura na zo gawp uh hi. Tua hun sung mahin Meitei galkapte zong Champhai hong tungin Luseite a delhzak zawh uh ciangin sungkhawh natna in nawk gawp ahih manin kileh kik vingveng uh hi.

SUKTE LEH LUSHEITE KIDONA (1871–1872)

Sukte-te in Lushei gam-a Khuangleng khua leh Ditlang khua simin a zo uh hi. Khualeng gal simna ah Mualbem hausa Za Pau makai-in galmat 500 numei pasal leh a hausapa uh Thanhrang zia inkuanpihte manin ama inkuanpihte mah bangin a kem hi. Inn teng haltum sak uh hi. Diltlang pen Ukpipa Khaw Cin’ makaihin sim uh a, ahi zongin khuami kuamah na om nawn lo hi. Mi nih bek a man kha uh hi.

Ni khat, hausa Larbura makaihin mi tampi in Sukte gam manawhin General Lianluta tawh a kuan uh hi. A tup masak pen uh ahih le Saizang hausa Thuam Thawng ahi hi. Meitei gunnak a tunna tun un Sukte mite’n gal muh uh ahih manin na lamtan uh a, General Lianluta guntui laizang a tun takin a kaplum uh hi. Mi dang 7 zong kaplumin tampi mah tui-ah a kialum uh hi. Lalbura in Mualbem khua sim leuleu-in ahi zongin Mualbem khua pen kulh hoih le mualtung khata om ahih manin a luh zo kei uh hi.

SUKTE IN TONSIM (CHAMPHAI) SIMIN ZO:

Lusheite in Mualbem leh Saizang a sim uh tak teh Sukte-te zong heh mahmah uh ahih manin hausa thupi pen a kigen Champhai tutphah Vannuailiana khua a sim uh hi. Saizang khuami Hau Za Siing makai-in mi tampi in a sim uh leh a zo uh hi. Tua ahih manin Lusheite in Sukte-te tungah thau leh ganta a piak uh kul hi. Sukte leh Lushete in kilemna Champhai khua-ah bawlin ui khat gawl atin a si dawnin kiciamna hih bangin a nei uh hi:

“Lusheite in Meitei gun a lehluan mateng leh vakhu mei laam khat a phak mateng hih kiciamna tawh kizui-in Lushei hausa khempeuh in Sukte hausate tungah hi bangin siah a pia ciat ding uh hi,” cih hi.Tua hun-a kipanin Sukte–Lushei gal a bei hi.

October, 1874 kumin Go Khaw Thang’ sihna hangin Ukpipa Khaw Cin lungkim thei lo ahih manin Meiteite tungah phuba a lak sawm hi. Tua mah bangin, Meitei leh Khamtung gamgi-ah buaina kipan kik hi. Kam Hau mite in Kumsol leh Mukung khuate sim uh a, mi 17 thatin numei naupang 78 bang galmatin puakhia uh hi. Hih thupiang mit mahmah tawh mu nuamin a kan khia, tua hun-a Manipur ah Mikang Gam uk Palai a sem Dr. Brown in a tunga khua hong simte pen Mualpi khua panin hong pai Za Tual’ ukna nuai-a om Guite mite hi dingin muangmawh hi. Kilemna a om zawh ciangin hih banga nawngkaina a pian kikkik Meitei gam ukpa heh lua ahih manin Sukte gam sim kik taktak dingin ngaihsun a, galkap a khawm hi.

Mikang kumpi in bangmah huhna pia loin galsim ding bel phalna pia hi. Tua tawh kituakin February pan April 1875 sung Meitei galkap 2000 leh Khongsai galkap 400 in gamgi zuan pah uh hi. Kisimna taktak a om ma-in Za Tual mite Meitei kumpi kiangah kilemna bawl ding leh galmatte pia dingin kamtai sawl hi. Tua bangin Za Tual’ palaite in galmatte uh Meiteite khut sungah pia kikin, Meiteite kiangah siah pia dinga a kamciam manun Meitei galkap bupa Major Thangal lungkimin April 11, 1875 in Sugnu ah kileh kik uh a, 14 ni-in Phaipi tungkik uh hi.

Tua kilemna in gamgi-a buaina kham zo taktak tuan lo ahih manin kisimna veng thei lo hi. Tua hih manin Meitei makaite in khanglam gamgi ah galnan’na ding munpi li tak khawh kik uh hi, ci-in tua hun-a Mikang Gam uk Palai G.H. Damant in gen hi. Sukte-te leh Hualngote 1876 kumin kido uh a, Senam va luh uh a, Leisawn leh Tashonste tawh 1878 kumin kido-in Kam Hau mite’n a zo uh hi.

MEITE TE’N TEDIM SIMKIK (1878)

Sukte leh Meiteite kido simin Meiteite in lel den pian zaw ahih manun Meiteite in 1878 kumin a Lengmangpa uh Chandrakirti Singh mahmah makai-in Tedim sim kik dingin galkap hon khat leh nasem ding leh Kuki levies Tedim gam manawhin a kuan leuleu uh hi. Mikang kumpite kiangah huhna a nget hangin a ngah kei hi. A Lengpmangpa uh taal ah zawngin Sukte gam a zuan uh hi. A kuan lamun lei khut dim khat tek pham uh a, Zangdunga mun khatah a koih khawm uh ciangin mualno khat a suak zo hi. Kam Hau gam a tun uh ciangin Tualmu khua (Mualheng-Leizang) a kicihna, Tedim pan tai 16, mun-ah phual a sat uh hi.

Sukte mite’n hih thu a zak uh ciangin Galkap mangpi Za Tual in a galkap khempeuh kaikhawmin hih thu a zasak hi. Meiteite a huh peuhmah thahlup dingin thu a pia hi. Gam leh mipite bitna dingin lau lo leh hangsan takin gal do dingin a hansuah phapha hi. Za Tual in mi 10 10 a kipawlin Ciimtang mual to teng Tedim leilum dong singphung khempeuh met siangin thu a kiasak hi.

Hih a ngimna in bel, galte muhna ah panmun Camp a sak ding uh deihna ahi hi. Meitei mangpa in meikuang a gal muh tak ciangin lau pha mahmah a, Sukte galkapte tampi pha hi, ci-in a do ngam ngam kei hi. Lengmangpa in Chahsat hausa Ngulngam Tedim ukpipa kiangah sawlin a kipiakkhiat kei uh leh a thauvuite uh tuisuak ding a, a thaute uh zang thei lo ding uh a, a tawpna ah a kipiakkhiat loh phamawh ding hi, a ci sak hi.

Ukpipa Khaw Cin leh Galkap mangpa Za Tual in hih thu a zak ciangun heh pha mahmah uh a, tua thauvui tui suakte pen a sisan uh leh a khau lengin Sukte kankhawm ding a, a la uh leh a lungtang uh dawt ding hi, a ci uh hi. Sukte khuai in bi ding uh ah a nungkik ding uh hi, a cisak hi. Ni thum bang kong ngak uh cingta ahih manin hong kuan mengmeng un ci-in a vaikhak uh hi. A ni giat ni zingsang tungin Meitei te’ Lengmangpa General Nongmeingakpa a galte koi lamah om hiam cih thei nuamin Suangsuang dawn panin a khuadak leh tua laitakin Za Tual in a thau a suak thei hiam, ‘naang hong leng hiam, phim leh khau hong leeng hiam, hong sin dih ning’, ci-in a gal mual vum tung panin ngimngimin a kap leh a thau suak takpi a, Meiteite Galkap Mangpa kha-in Suangsuang vum tung pan kiasuk a, Dawn lui sung kidenna sukin a si liuleu hi.

A thaute uh Tuihazang tuili sungah khia uh a, amau zong tampi tak gun-ah kia-in a si uh hi. A makaipa uh a sih tak teh a makai muanhuai ding uh om nawn loin meiteite a pangpa mahmah uh hi. Tua cih lai takin Sukte galkapte in thakhat thu-in a tha neih teng uh leh a hatna teng uh tawh do-in Meiteite camp teng buluhin a delh mang uh hi. Meitei te’n zong a vante uh nusia-in a tai na lam un a Leng Mangpa nangawn uh zong nusia kha-in khuai tunpi bu pukha uh a deh gawpin a buai mahmah uh hi.

Pawl khatte guamah kia-in, pawl khatin sing leh suang palkha-in liam leh bai-in a si pawl zong om a, pawl khatte puksi uh a, a tamzawte Meitei gun ah kia-in Sukte galkapte’n a that uh hi. A makaipa uh a sih tak ciangin Meiteite lungkia-in nungkik uh a, a ciah lam-un tunpi (khuai) kua khat phukha-in a deh gawp uh leh, ‘Kam Hau thote bek zong hih zahta a na ahih ciangin zozo kei ni,’ a kici uh hi. Tua bek hilo, vasa ham peuh a zak uh ciangin,’ Tedimte kuan zozo ding ahi hiam? Thovai nangawn in huh a, va-ak nangawn in zong, ‘tak, kapa tapa,’ ci-in hanciam ta zen uh hi, ci uh hi. Tedim Kam Hau mite zasan tawh kibang uh hi’ a ci liang uh hi.

A thaute uh Tuihazang tuili sungah khia uh a, amau zong tampi tak gun-ah kia-in a si uh hi. Tawm khat bek suakta-in inn a tung kik uh hi. Sukte-te in galphual ah thau lawng 130, Meitei te camp panin 90 leh Gunlui panin 67 a tawm uh hi. Meiteite in Sukte a thum vei do na-ah a guallel ngiingei uh hi. Sukte-Kam Hau mite’n Tedim a tun kik uh ciangin Tedim Innpi ah Meitei tungah galzawhna Pawi thupi mahmah khat a bawl uh hi. Laamlaam uh a, ne-in dawn-in a kham piikpeek uh hi. Tua khit ciangin Ukpia Khaw Cin leh General Za Tual in pahtawina lianpi tawh galkapte a khua ciat uh ah kha khia-in amau khua tekah zong gualzawhna pawi a bawl ciat uh hi.

SUKTE-MEITEI ZANGDUNG AH KILEMNA

Meiteite in Tedim 1878 kum a sim uh a sawt nai lo khatin Manipur Maharajah in Sukte leh Meiteite kalah kilemna picing om theihna dingin Tedim Ukpipa Tapei (Chakpikarong) ah kihona nei dingin a sap leh Ukpipa Khaw Cin leh General Za Tual in hehna-in la ahih manin amau Maharajah Zangdung a kiho dingin a leh sap uh hi.

Hih kihona ah Suktete in sial khat go-in, Meiteite in sial nih a go tuak uh hi. Sial mei tankhia-in a si sungah diahin Ukpite gelin amai uh kitat sak tuakin, “Hih kiciamna a peel i om leh hih sial a sih bangin i si ding hi,” a kici uh hi. A kiciamna uh ah thuman ding leh a gam tuak uh kitheihpih ding banah kido ngei nawn lo dingin kam a ciam phapha uh hi. Gamgi zong a omsa bangin Tapei (Chakpikarong)hi ding hi. Sukte-Meitei kidona a tawpna leh a beina ahi ta hi.

Mikang galkapte in Kawlpi panin Tedim khua sim dingin a kuan uh hi. March 10, 1889 in Tedim khua a hal tum tak ciangin Khaw Cin zong galtai-in Tonzang pan Tualzang, Vanglai pan a sanggampa Thang Khaw Pau’ hauhsakna khua Ngennung ah September ni 1, 1891 ni-in a si hi. A sih ni-in a mite leh a galkapte in hih la a sa uh hi:

a) Dimtui aw e, Zangtui aw e
Leido a siallum aw e;
b) Dimtui zangtui sunni nuai-ah
Kawlciang huiva mau bang e..

A gelh: Pau Za Cin Hatzaw
INDIA KIPHELKHAP MA HUN-A SUKTE UKPITE TANGTHU (1730 – 1948)
Laksawnna;Zonamkhankhual Lyant
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